Pharmaceutical Companies In India Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1962 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Indias emerging pharmaceutical industry has appeared as the world leader in the fabrication of standard generic drugs, ever since the Patent Act 1970 permitted India to seriously approach and contributes in the pharmaceutical market worldwide. India is the preferred nation for pharmaceutical generation, with low charges for research and development as well as production of drugs. And the pharmaceutical companies in India have made full use of the favorable environment offered by the country to make it big. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pharmaceutical Companies In India Business Essay" essay for you Create order The workforce and technological proficiency of pharmaceutical companies in India ensures the growth of the industry on a global scale as well as within India. The sector is predicted to value about $3.1 billion (USD). Growth of Indian Pharmaceutical market In the year 2008, Indian pharmaceutical market was assessed at $7,743m which witnessed an augmentation of 4.0% over 2007. Business observers predict that the Indian pharmaceutical market will escalate at an increasing mode as compared to the global pharmaceutical market, at a CAGR of 13.2% during the fiscal years 2009-14 to reach an overall worth of $15,490m in 2014. India has also appeared as the preferred location for the pharmaceutical companies of the world because of its towering growth scenario furnished by elderly population, alteration in disease profile, developing patent system and socio-economic circumstances. The competition in the Indian pharmaceutical market is cutthroat and the market is divided among the top 10 pharma companies accounting for 36.1% of the overall RH sales in the fiscal year 2008. India began to abide by the World Trade Organizations Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (WTO-TRIPS) agreement and acknowledged product rights a fter the revision of the Indian Patent Act in January 2005. Indian firms are laying out strategies to benefit from the Japanese government proposal to endorse generic drugs to minimize healthcare charges Top ten pharmaceutical companies in India (along with their 2007 turnover): Ranbaxy Laboratories By sales Indias largest pharma firm with the returns touching Rs 4,198.96 crore (Rs 41.989 billion) in 2007 Dr. Reddys Laboratories With a turnover of Rs 4,162.25 crore (Rs 41.622 billion) in 2007, Dr Reddys lab is second largest drug firm in India by sales . Cipla Cipla generated an annual revenue of Rs 3,763.72 crore (Rs 37.637 billion) in 2007 making itself the third largest pharmaceutical firms. Sun Pharmaceuticals Sun Pharma Industries had an overall earnings of Rs 2,463.59 crore (Rs 24.635 billion) in 2007. Lupin Labs: Lupin Labs yielded total profit of Rs 2,215.52 crore (Rs 22.155 billion) in 2007. Aurobindo Pharma Indias sixth largest pharma company by sales, Aurobindo posted Rs 2,080.19 crore (Rs 20.801 billion) annual returns in 2007. GlaxoSmithKlineg With 2007 turnover touching Rs 1,773.41 crore (Rs 17.734 billion, GSK is Indias seventh largest pharma firm. Cadila Healthcare Cadilas earnings was Rs 1,613.00 crore (Rs 16.13 billion) in the fiscal year 2007, establishing itself as Indias eight largest drug company. Aventis Pharma With an annual revenue of Rs 983.80 crore (Rs 9.838 billion) in 2007, Aventis Pharma has made a place for itself in the top ten pharma companies in India Ipca Laboratories Ipca is Indias 10th largest pharma company by sales and in 2007 it had a turnover of Rs 980.44 crore (Rs 9.804 billion) Major issues concerning the pharmaceutical companies in India Failure of the new patent system: Prerequisites associated with Sec 3(d) of the Patent (Amendment) Act 2005 restrict the copyright of an existing drug. Moreover, mandatory licensing permits Indian companies to keep producing generics of copyright products for overseas selling to underdeveloped nations. Lack of proper infrastructure: Issues associated with regular power cuts and lack of suitable transport infrastructure will decelerate the expansion of the sector. Inadequate funds: Restricted funding from FIs, venture capitalists and the government may decelerate the expansion of biotechnology sector in India. Regulatory impediments: Rising of due meticulousness and conformity with product standards leads to high costs and interruption in the launch of new products. Severe competition: Low margins and restricted capital to assist RD is the result of intense pricing competition among local producers. This rivalry will further deepen from the joining in of the big drug com panies in the Indian market to control the cost benefit and large reserve sources. Pharmacy Outlook 2010: Industry readies for reform January 14th, 2010 by CDR Staff NEW YORK Pharmacy industry leaders say health care reform will form the backdrop of whatever course the sector takes in 2010. Indeed, as the Obama administration approaches the end of its first year in office, health care reform heads the presidents domestic agenda. While early on sweeping reforms to the nations health care system were expected, compromises in Congress between the House of Representatives and the Senate have since dampened those expectations somewhat. Still, pharmacy advocates say the bill that is expected to be signed by the president early this year will help move the system forward and provide several benefits for community pharmacies across the country. The advocates also see renewed research and development efforts in 2010, leading to new therapies that could improve patients lives. Chain Drug Review recently asked leaders of 13 industry organizations what they see up ahead for 2010. Here are some excerpts of their comments on a variety of topics: HEALTHÂÂ  CAREÂÂ  REFORM Throughout this process and amid the upcoming 2010 congressional election cycle, NACDS will continue to uphold the role that pharmacy plays in providing accessible, affordable and quality health care services to patients. To achieve this focus, pharmacy must continue to champion public policy issues, demonstrate its value as a health care provider and play a key role in opportunities to help in the prevention of disease and illness. Steve Anderson, president and CEO, National Association of Chain Drug Stores (NACDS) On the pharmacy side, the need for our products and services will continue to grow. If health care reform works as advertised, it will end the national scandal of 46 million uninsured Americans and countless unwritten prescriptions. In addition, the first baby boomers become eligible for Medicare Part D in 2011. Then, for the next 18 years, some 10,000 of them a day will join that queue. But the predicted explosion in the number of Part D recipients highlights the g rowing role of the federal government in the business of pharmacy, regardless of whether the final version of health care reform legislation contains some form of government-run or government-backed public insurance option. Bruce Roberts, executive VP and CEO, National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA) During the yearlong debate, we made hundreds of Capitol Hill visits and delivered multiple other communications to assure that pharmacists services were part of any health care reform package. APhA stayed focused on pharmacists services and the medication therapy management message, while not getting dragged into the debate over financing or public options. Our health care reform efforts were aimed at making Congress and the Obama administration aware of the medication use crisis in America. And we helped them understand that pharmacists are the perfect solution to many of these challenges. Tom Menighan, executive VP and CEO, American Pharmacists Association (APhA) CHP A is working to help preserve over-the-counter eligibility in flexible spending and health savings accounts. Congressional efforts to fund health care reform have put continued O-T-C eligibility in these accounts in jeopardy. CHPA will continue to press for O-T-C eligibility in these cost-effective accounts. Linda Suydam, president, Consumer Healthcare Products Association (CHPA) THE ECONOMY The economic downturn wrought substantial changes across most industries, and ours was no exception. The economy triggered mergers and acquisitions across the supply chain. It changed not just the makeup of the distribution industry but also the way HDMA delivers value to its members. The changing economy prompted executives across the industry to scrutinize their operations and strategies, and find ways to better deliver value for their customers. John Gray, president and CEO, Healthcare Distribution Management Association (HDMA) PHARMACY REIMBURSEMENT Congressional action is still needed for a long-term fix to the [average manufacturer price] formula to ensure that Medicaid fully covers pharmacy drug dispensing costs. As [health care reform] legislation advances, it will be essential to develop a system that encourages the dispensing of cost-saving generic medications and provides Medicaid patients with the level of pharmacy access they need and deserve. Although pending legislation makes important improvements to the AMP formula, additional changes are needed to ensure that it accurately approximates all dispensing costs. Leslie Sarasin, president and CEO, Food Marketing Institute (FMI) Modernizing community pharmacys funding model has become a matter of urgency as the professions role changes and community pharmacy evolves from solely a transaction-based business model to a service-based model. Nadine Saby, president and CEO, Canadian Association of Chain Drug Stores (CACDS) RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT Health care reform is critical because we need to do more to help every American have access to high-quality, affordable health care coverage and services, and at the same time, we must ensure that reform helps preserve and extend the environment and incentives needed to inspire the litany of medical innovations that have made the United States the envy of the world. Looking ahead, biopharmaceutical research companies are committed to making an enormous investment in RD despite the difficult economic situation. Billy Tauzin, president and CEO, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) The ongoing financial crisis has left many biotech companies unable to access the investment capital that they need to continue work on promising therapies. That has led dozens of companies to shelve or delay promising projects, lay off workers and, in some cases, close their doors for good. Despite the current economic challenges, the long-term prospects for biotech remain st rong. Our companies continue to innovate at a breathtaking pace, developing medicines that are providing hope where there once was none as well as new tools to allow for more personalized and effective care. James Greenwood, president, Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) The point of comparative effectiveness research (CER) is to ensure that health care providers and patients have the best evidence or information available to them about various treatment options. With that information in hand, health care providers and the patient can discuss the best available and most appropriate treatments for the patients condition. It is a positive development for the president and health care stakeholders to be talking about the importance of CER in health care reform. Dan Leonard, president, National Pharmaceutical Council (NPC) REGULATION Carve-out laws place a significant and unnecessary burden on the nations pharmacies. A typical carve-out bill requires pharmacists to obtain additional consent from the prescriber prior to the dispensing of a generic drug. It will also result in patients waiting longer for needed, affordable medicines. In the 2008/2009 state legislative sessions, 64 carve-out bills were introduced in 26 states. Thanks to the efforts of the National Generic Carve-Out Coalition, which includes the NACDS and GPhA, none of the bills was enacted into law. 2010 promises to be another very challenging year with respect to carve-out legislation. Kathleen Jaeger, president and CEO, Generic Pharmaceutical Association (GPhA) DRUGÂÂ  SAFETY While our drug supply is considered to be the safest in the world, a number of episodes in recent years have shown that parts of the supply system can be compromised, and thus need to be strengthened. Adulteration is a formidable and very real threat that exists not only in developing countries but in the U.S. and other developed nations as well. In our continuing efforts, USP will seek input of all segments of the industry. We also will continue to grow our international cooperation, which is key to combating such episodes. Roger Williams, executive VP and CEO, U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) TECHNOLOGY Electronic prescribing promises a system that is faster, cheaper and safer. E-prescribing eliminates time-consuming processes at every step, from the prescriber to the pharmacy to the patient. E-prescribing offers invaluable clinical decision support by preventing dangerous medication errors due to contraindications and allergies. Also significant, e-prescribing bolsters use of appropriate generic alternatives and assures formulary compliance. Lee Ann Stember, president, National Council for Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP)

A Knights Chivalry An Analysis of Chivalry Essay - 734 Words

A Knights Chivalry â€Å"An Analysis Of Chivalry† Chivalry, or the code of conduct that the Knights of out past used to justify their actions, towards country and state. It is greatly expressed in the stories that were passed down orally and written down, but these traits were many, including: Courage, Honor, and the treatment of women. These three traits are discussed wholly throughout the tales of King Arthur’s day, because like the Anglo-Saxon Code it was the basis of how a man should act throughout his life. Knights held by this code throughout their lives and were told in the stories hence, with these lines Sir Gawain did prove himself of his knightly hood, â€Å"Gawain by Guenevere Toward the king doth now incline: ‘I beseech,†¦show more content†¦This is Gawain’s first lesson in the code of Chivalry, where he learns to be courageous. Where later on he does, and the story ends with him and the Giant man proving their worthiness to each other, and end in a drink in the Green man’s Hall. Seco nd of all, Chivalry isn’t just being courageous; it’s about keeping your word to the fullest extent, your honor, no matter the consequences. As in the Morte d’Arthur story, at the end when Sir Bedivere is told by his dying King Arthur, to return the sword of Excalibur to its rightful place, the place where it was gifted to man, back to the Lady of The Lake, â€Å"’Sir,’ he said, ‘I saw nothing but waters wap and waves wan.’ ‘Ah, traitor unto me and untrue,’ Said King Arthur, ‘now hast thou betrayed me twice. Who would have weened that thou that has been to me so loved and dear, and art named a noble knight, and would betray me for the riches of this sword†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (Page 192 3rd Paragraph). 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Cause of American Revolution free essay sample

What caused the American Revolution? That is a very good question. Throughout the , the colonist had a good relationship with Great Britain. They fought in wars together, such as the French and Indian war of 1754 which ended up in total victory. But as time passes, things began to change in this relationship of theirs. These changes led to a need of the American Revolution. Even though there are many causes, three that I will be discussing about that caused the American Revolution is the Stamp Act, Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Act. The enforcement of Stamp Act was a huge movement towards the American Revolution. After the French and Indian War, Britain was in great debt therefore this was made. It put taxes on all the legal documents or printed goods, which angered the colonist in so many ways. This was one of the reasons of the no taxation without representation. We will write a custom essay sample on Cause of American Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Boston Tea Party was caused by Great Britain putting taxes on tea. This angered the colonist because it was also an example of the no taxation without representation idea.The angered colonist threw all of the imported tea of Great Britains into the sea. This led to the cause of the Intolerable Act. The Intolerable act was the laws passed by Great Britain banning all trades of exports and imports on the colonist and they were only allowed to buy from Great Britain. This occurred after the Boston Tea Party as a punishment for the colonist. The ports would be closed until the colonist pay off all the money of the tea dumped in the Boston Tea Party was made back.This act made he colonist even angrier because they cut off their only way of making money. Revolution means either to overthrown a government or leader or separating from them. Great Britain was making all these changes towards the colonist for their own benefits. The laws they made were so unfair to the colonist. Great Britains selfishness caused the change of the relationship between the two. The Stamp Act, Cause of Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Act were all steps that led to the American Revolution. Changes were needed because of unfair decisions.